Detailed English Explanation

Introduction to the Context of 1 Corinthians 14

The Fourteenth Chapter of First Corinthians addresses a specific set of disorder issues within the early Christian church at Corinth, particularly concerning the misuse and misunderstanding of spiritual gifts, specifically speaking in tongues (glossolalia) and prophecy. The Apostle Paul writes this epistle to bring order, edification, and clarity to a congregation that was overly enamored with charismatic display, often prioritizing flashy, unintelligible ecstatic utterances over acts of genuine love and community edification.

To understand verse 22 properly, one must examine verses 20 through 25. Paul begins by urging the believers to be mature in understanding rather than children in malice. He then introduces a prophetic citation from the Old Testament book of Isaiah (Isaiah 28:11–12), where God warns rebellious Israel that He will speak to them through “men of other tongues and other lips,” yet even then, they would not hear. Building upon this historical backdrop, Paul draws a sharp distinction between the evangelical purpose of tongues and the pastoral purpose of prophecy.

1. Tongues as a Sign to Unbelievers

Paul states that “tongues are for a sign, not to them that believe, but to them that believe not.” At first glance, this might seem contradictory to his earlier warning in verse 23—where he cautions that if an unlearned person or an unbeliever enters a room where everyone is speaking in tongues wildly, they will conclude that the believers are “mad.”

However, the word “sign” (semeion in Greek) carries a specific function in biblical theology: it points beyond itself to a greater divine reality, often serving as a judgment or a wake-up call. Historically and dispensationally, tongues functioned as an authenticated sign of God’s work among different nations, echoing the reversal of the Tower of Babel (Acts 2). When foreign languages were spoken supernaturally on the Day of Pentecost, they served as an undeniable, miraculous sign to the unbelieving Jews that God was moving in a new, global way.

Thus, tongues as a sign to unbelievers are meant to arrest their attention, challenge their skepticism, and point them toward divine intervention. Yet, on their own—if left uninterpreted—they fail to communicate the explicit gospel message, which is why Paul later emphasizes that interpretation is necessary so the church may be edified.

2. Prophesying for Those Who Believe

Conversely, Paul declares that “prophesying serveth not for them that believe not, but for them which believe.” In the biblical context, prophecy is not merely predicting future events; it is forth-telling the truth of God with power, conviction, and direct relevance to the human heart.

When a person prophesies within a gathered assembly, the message is delivered in the native, understandable language of the hearers. It convicts the conscience, exposes the secrets of the heart, comforts the broken, and builds up the spiritual maturity of the believers. While an unbeliever might occasionally stumble into a service, hear a prophecy, and fall down worshiping God because their heart secrets are revealed (as noted in verses 24–25), the primary design and utility of prophecy is the continuous spiritual fortification, guidance, and strengthening of the local body of Christ.

Theological Summary

Paul’s ultimate argument balances the corporate worship experience:

  • Tongues act as a sign pointing outward, drawing the attention of outsiders through miraculous manifestation.

  • Prophecy acts as a ministry building inward, nurturing, instructing, and comforting those who have already embraced the faith.

Both gifts have distinct places in God’s design, but within the gathered church, intelligible communication that builds up the community must take precedence over uninterpreted ecstatic speech.

Detailed Urdu Explanation (تفصیلی اردو تشریح)

کتاب مقدس کا پس منظر (1 کرنتھیوں 14:22)

پولس رسول کا کرنتھیوں کے نام پہلا خط کلیسیا کے اندر نظم و ضبط، محبت اور روحانی عطیات کے صحیح استعمال کو سمجھانے کے لیے لکھا گیا تھا۔ چودہواں باب خاص طور پر “غیر زبانوں” (Tongues) اور “نبوت” (Prophecy) کے مابین فرق کو واضح کرتا ہے۔ ابتدائی کرنتھی کلیسیا غیر زبانوں کے بولنے کو روحانی برتری کی سب سے بڑی علامت سمجھ بیٹھی تھی، جس کی وجہ سے عبادت میں بدنظمی پیدا ہو رہی تھی۔

پولس رسول اس آیت میں توریت اور انبیاء کے اصولوں کی روشنی میں یہ واضح کرتا ہے کہ خدا کی طرف سے عطا کردہ ان دونوں تحفوں کے مقاصد بالکل الگ الگ ہیں۔

1. غیر زبانیں: ایمان نہ لانے والوں کے لیے ایک نشان

آیت کا پہला حصہ کہتا ہے: “پس زبانیں ایمان لانے والوں کے لیے نہیں بلکہ بے ایمانوں کے لیے ایک نشان ہیں”۔ بابل کے برج کے واقعے کے بعد سے خدا نے مختلف زبانوں کے ذریعے انسانوں کو پراگندہ کیا تھا۔ یسعیاہ نبی کی کتاب (باب 28 کی آیات 11 اور 12) کا حوالہ دیتے ہوئے پولس یاد دلاتا ہے کہ غیر زبانیں ہمیشہ سے خدا کی طرف سے ایک معجزانہ تنبیہ یا نشان رہی ہیں جو اُن لوگوں کو متوجہ کرتی ہیں جو خدا پر ایمان نہیں رکھتے۔

جب پینتیست کے دن (Day of Pentecost) پر شاگردوں نے غیر زبانیں بولیں تو یہ باہر کے غیر قوموں اور شک کرنے والے بے ایمانوں کے لیے ایک زبردست الٰہی نشان تھا کہ خدا کی قدرت اب کسی ایک قوم تک محدود نہیں رہی بلکہ سب کے لیے ہے۔ یہ بے ایمانوں کو جھنجھوڑنے اور ان کی توجہ خدا کے معجزات کی طرف مبذول کرانے کے لیے ہوتی ہیں۔ لیکن اگر غیر زبانوں کا ترجمہ نہ کیا جائے تو بے ایمان شخص اسے دیوانگی سمجھ سکتا ہے، جیسا کہ پولس آگے بیان کرتا ہے۔

2. نبوت: ایمان لانے والوں کے لیے خدمت

آیت کا دوسرا حصہ بیان کرتا ہے: “لیکن نبوت بے ایمانوں کے لیے نہیں بلکہ ایمان لانے والوں کے لیے ہے”۔ بابلاتی اور الٰہی تناظر میں “نبوت” کا مطلب صرف مستقبل کی باتیں بتانا نہیں ہے، بلکہ خدا کے کلام کو صاف، واضح اور دل کو چیر دینے والے انداز میں لوگوں کی اپنی زبان میں بیان کرنا ہے۔

جب کلیسیا میں خدا کا سچ بولا جاتا ہے (نبوت کی جاتی ہے)، تو وہ سننے والے ایمانداروں کے ایمان کو مضبوط کرتی ہے، ان کی رہنمائی کرتی ہے، ان کے دلوں کو تسلی دیتی ہے اور انہیں روحانی طور پر بالغ بناتی ہے۔ اگرچہ خدا کے کلام کی سچائی کسی غیر ایمان والے کو بھی متاثر کر سکتی ہے جب وہ اندر آئے اور خدا کے حضور جھک جائے، لیکن اصل میں نبوت کا مقصد کلیسیا (ایمانداروں کی جماعت) کی تعمیر اور ان کی روحانی خوراک کی فراہمی ہے۔

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